ABSTRACT
Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the tourism sector has been one of the most affected sectors and requires management entities to develop urgent measures to reactivate and achieve digital transformation using emerging disruptive technologies. The objective of this research is to apply machine learning techniques to predict visitors to tourist attractions on the Moche Route in northern Peru, for which a methodology based on four main stages was applied: (1) data collection, (2) model analysis, (3) model development, and (4) model evaluation. Public data from official sources and internet data (TripAdvisor and Google Trends) during the period from January 2011 to May 2022 are used. Four algorithms are evaluated: linear regression, KNN regression, decision tree, and random forest. In conclusion, for both the prediction of national and foreign tourists, the best algorithm is linear regression, and the results allow for taking the necessary actions to achieve the digital transformation to promote the Moche Route and, thus, reactivate tourism and the economy in the north of Peru.
ABSTRACT
While there have been numerous studies investigating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tourism, few research projects have examined the impact of the outbreak on using smart tourism technologies (STT), especially in developing countries. This study adopted thematic analysis, with data collected using in-person interviews. The participants for the study were selected using the snow-balling technique. We explored the process of developing smart technologies during the pandemic and its impact on smart rural tourism technology development upon travel restart. The subject was investigated by focusing on five selected villages in central Iran which have tourism dependent economies. Overall, the results indicated that the pandemic partially changed the government's resistance towards the fast development of smart technologies. Thus, the role of smart technologies in curbing the virus spread was officially recognized. This change of policy led to the implementation of Capacity Building (CB) programs to improve digital literacy and minimize the digital gap that exists between urban and rural areas in Iran. Implementing CB programs during the pandemic directly and indirectly contributed to the digitalization of rural tourism. Implementing such programs enhanced tourism stakeholders' individual and institutional capacity to gain access to and creatively use STT in rural area. The results of this study improve our understanding and knowledge of the impact of crises on the degree of acceptability and use of STT in traditional rural societies.
ABSTRACT
This article explores the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism sector in the city of Malaga. The main objective of the study is to analyse the effects that the pandemic has had, as well as the responses that have been given to rebuild the tourism system in the city of Malaga. The study uses a qualitative and descriptive methodology, prioritising the search for primary sources (institutional) to measure the impact of the pandemic on tourism in Malaga. There are two main conclusions of the study: firstly, the Malaga tourism industry has shown such a level of dynamism and resilience that it has been able to initiate a slow but vigorous recovery of the tourism productive fabric;secondly, the actions of the public administrations have generally been diligent, efficient, rapid, and flexible, although the level of interpenetration and synergy between public administrations, tourism operators and residents is still insufficient.
ABSTRACT
Tourism industry is susceptible to significant shocks like the COVID-19 pandemic. Many researchers have highlighted the need to conduct comprehensive studies of COVID-19 and its economic and social consequences. As a result, tackling sustainable tourism is very important because dealing with the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is part of tackling sustainability. This study aims to analyze the potential and sustainability of tourism on Sibandang Island. This study used qualitative research methods. The research subjects in this study were elements of the local community: North Tapanuli Regency Tourism Office, Village Officials, Tourism Awareness Groups (Pokdarwis) and local communities. Overall, the tourism potential on Sibandang Island is excellent. However, stakeholders need to manage the island so that it is feasible and able to provide a quality travel experience for tourists. Furthermore, to maintain Sibandang Island, it is necessary to apply the concept of sustainable tourism so that tourism can still positively impact the community's economy, protect the environment around Sibandang Island, and preserve the existing culture. Thus, tourism on Sibandang Island can still be enjoyed by the next generation and still exists. © 2023 WITPress. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
COVID-19 has caused a global disaster never seen before. One of the worst damaged industries has been tourism. To propose a solution for these sites, the available literature, and advice on recovering tourism after the COVID-19 crisis were examined and arranged in an integrated smart tourism destination framework. This paper aims to develop new forms of tourism, especially smart tourism in Vietnam, where the information technology industry is flourishing. This main content was based on case studies about smart tourism in Korea and Taiwan. Besides the traditional forms of tourism, smart tourism will develop in Vietnam in the future. The result showed that modern technology had become an essential method in improving tourists' satisfaction and efficiency in transactions related to travel. Furthermore, it will have contributed to changing the face of tourism in many countries worldwide. © 2023, SRAC - Romanian Society for Quality. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
This book meticulously focuses on seeing technological solutions of overtourism on decimated destinations from a comprehensive viewpoint. Considering the present crisis situation, the global tourism industry is in need to formulate revised strategies to recover and to be more resilient. The book creates a platform to deliberate the measures needed to be taken to tackle the issue of this most recent crisis of COVID-19 on the lens of overtourism and technology application. The book adds some unique suggestions to direct a new outlook towards overtourism, technology solutions and decimated destinations. This book discusses the responsibilities of tourists towards decimated destinations as well as provides in-deep knowledge and debates about technological solutions to overtourism in decimated destinations. © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2021.
ABSTRACT
The drastic growth of cruise tourism in the world, while potentially beneficial for economic growth in local communities, also brings concerns regarding environmental impacts. This research used the port of Ísafjörður, Iceland, a growing hotspot destination for cruise ships, as a case study to aid in understanding the potential environmental impacts from cruise ships. The study's aims were: 1) to determine the quantity and type of waste discharged to the shore facilities by cruise ships in Ísafjörður in 2019, and 2) to explore the compliance behavior of the ships in adhering to Icelandic and international environmental regulations. To do this, quantitative and qualitative questions were presented in a survey to officers from 40 cruise ships, accounting for 87% of the total 46 different ships that docked in Ísafjörður in the 2019 cruise ship season. The survey questions were designed based on the MARPOL Convention and the law of Iceland, and these questions were compared with the ship's statutory record or ship's certificates to strengthen the reliability of the data. The questions covered five categories: emissions, waste oil, wastewater, garbage and food waste, and ballast water. Results showed that very little garbage and food waste had been discharged to shore facilities, and this was likely because Ísafjörður is one of several stops for many cruise ships in Iceland and the waste had simply been discharged elsewhere. In assessing the other four categories, 8 out of the 40 cruise ships carried out illegal activities, including 12 specific violation cases. This article discusses three primary reasons for those violations: accessibility, inconsistency, and monitoring. This research was conducted pre-COVID-19;however, by 2022 cruise ship calls in Ísafjörður approached preCOVID-19 numbers. Interested parties such as local communities, national decision makers, tourism boards, municipal planners, and environmental agencies must use the best available knowledge, such as this study, to manage the positive and negative aspects of the growth of cruise ship tourism, and perhaps even more so in a post-COVID-19 phase.
ABSTRACT
The coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic has had a significant impact on people's lives and businesses. After the epidemic situation, Saensuk Sub-district, Chonburi is one area that has a need to change its tourism management. Saen Suk Municipality launched a campaign to promote Bang Saen as a "Safe Food Avenue". The pilot project began with production of an application to support a special test for formalin (FA) in sea foods which shows the result to food shops and tourists online. The FA test kit was produced and approved with accurate test results verified by a team of specialists from Burapha university. The application was developed using a responsive website technique. Specialists used the system to upload images of FA test results. Then a machine learning in image processing technique was used to analyze the test results. The Server sends the result through a RESTFUL API in JSON format to the application so that users can see the results online. The experiment using Circular Hough Transform (CHT) algorithm to detect circular shape in two-dimensional space by voting in Hough parameter with 400 data records for training. Based on the FA test result dataset, training accuracy are 100%. The SafeFoodAvenue mobile application using responsive technology FA test result's dataset accuracy is 100%. © 2022 IEEE.
ABSTRACT
This study aimed to assess the relationship between safety perceptions and destination image in the Central European region during the technological and social environment change brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. The study sample consisted of respondents from three Central European countries, namely, the Czech Republic, Hungary, and Slovakia. The quantile regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between the image of the destination and its perceived safety. The results showed that concerns about the safety of the tourism environment could be negatively associated with the image of the infrastructure in Hungary and Slovakia, with value for money in the three countries, and with images of enjoyment in Slovakia. Higher levels of destination safety may be associated with a more positive destination image, with health, facilities and services being the most important dimensions of perceived safety, because of the pandemic. This study contributes to the knowledge of the concept of destination images and the development of tourism.
ABSTRACT
Accurately quantifying industry resilience is essential to devising effective recovery strategies. Previous research into industry resilience has either quantified the concept with single metrics aggregated across large geographies (e.g., visitation) or used metrics comparing the relative concentration of an industry within a region to the national average (e.g., location quotients). The former set of metrics prohibits spatially targeted recovery efforts while the latter fails during national crises. We propose the measurement of tourism and outdoor recreation industry resilience to COVID-19 based on growth rates in employment, wages, and establishments using publicly accessible time-series data on all counties in the United States. We use these indicators to characterize the spatio-temporal patterns of industry resilience across the country. The indicators can serve as a useful reference for diagnosing and monitoring industry resilience as well as developing targeted policies, programs, and promotion efforts that facilitate more localized response efforts. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd
ABSTRACT
This study marks an early attempt to evaluate staycation incentive programs initiated by local authorities. It aims to gauge the effectiveness of staycation programs in cultivating learning opportunities and restorative benefits with an emphasis on temporal positive psychological outcomes amid this continuing pandemic. Relying on a survey-based research design, we conducted a survey with 409 local tourists in Macau, where a recent staycation initiative has attained prominent success. We then undertook the structural equation modeling test using AMOS. Results show how short local excursions could still fortify one's psychological capital with respect to ephemeral improvement in hope, confidence, optimism, and resilience in the face of extenuating circumstances. By synthesizing a path leading from COVID-related distress to fortification of a more prepared mental state for the new normal through the staycation's experiential benefits, this study thus puts forth a mechanism that explains why tourists/residents engage in staycation programs, as well as illuminating the psychological values associated with such activities. By answering these questions, this research improvises a three-stage process that identifies pre-trip, during-trip, and post-trip mental encounters that improve participants' psychological capabilities, even if only temporarily. The present inquiry sheds light on a new form of sustainability: mental (or psychological) sustainability. © 2021 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
ABSTRACT
This study discusses the application of Doxey's irritation index in the face of existential crises. Building on the COVID-19 pandemic, data was collected at two time points (prior to the crisis and after the first wave). Our two sequences of data show that residents' attitudes are by no means fixed, with perceptions of overcrowding bouncing back and concerns about reduced economic benefits. In an attempt to develop ample descriptions of emerging concerns during existential crises, three archetypes of residents are identified and displayed using alluvial diagrams: (a) advocates of positive tourism impacts;(b) demanders of sustainable tourism;and (c) boycotters of further tourism developments. Theory is complemented by recalibrating the irritation index with an empirically-grounded existential crisis perspective that demonstrates shifting attitudinal patterns and provides grounds for discussions on the progress of Doxey's irritation index. © 2022 The Authors
ABSTRACT
Customer journeys in tourism are becoming more complex, often including multiple touch points that can influence expectations, experiences, and travel behaviors. The management of these different interactions is further complicated if tourist destinations face natural or man-made crises (e.g., financial crises, COVID-19). The current research takes a comprehensive look at how negative word-of-mouth (WOM) shapes pre-consumption expectations that drive actual tourist experiences and subsequent satisfaction behaviors. Using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), findings from 188 tourists confirm the influence of uncontrollable, negative WOM on destination image. Yet an actual, positive experience negates these negative pre-trip influences. Tourism managers are rewarded with satisfied and loyal tourists in response to creating positive experiences even at crisis impacted destinations. © The Author(s) 2021.
ABSTRACT
These are constantly changing times for the tourism industry. The COVID-19 pandemic and accompanying negative economic effects significantly impacted customer behavior and accelerated the need for companies to innovate. Business model innovation (BMI) is ideal for overcome these challenges by innovating the very core of the firm. However, siloed BMI thinking is insufficient: firms need a more holistic approach. We expand the current understanding of business model innovation by proposing a framework that integrates relevant dimensions (change impulses and business model configurations), context factors (service newness and degree of change or destination characteristics), and the outcomes of BMI initiatives into a comprehensive model for the tourism industry context. With our work, we want to guide future research and expand the currently unbalanced, heterogeneous picture of BMI in service industries. © 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
ABSTRACT
This article examines how black female bed and breakfast (B&B) and guesthouse entrepreneurs in the black townships of Cape Town, South Africa were providing accommodations to black South African domestic tourists that allowed these tourists to ‘be near the action' in the townships. ‘Being near the action' refers to being able to conveniently attend various life-cycle events, such as weddings, funerals, and circumcision celebrations that involve friends and/or family, or engage in work, business, and other activities in the townships. This research contributes to tourism mobilities studies by explaining how these entrepreneurs impacted and were being impacted by domestic tourism and how the social spaces or ‘moorings' of the entrepreneurs' accommodations produced and reproduced social and cultural life. In addition, this study provides an understanding of tourism in Africa, and specifically domestic tourism in South Africa, related to the discretionary mobilities of a growing population of middle-class black South Africans. For this study, data was collected through semi-structured interviews conducted with black female B&Bs and guesthouse entrepreneurs in the townships of Langa, Gugulethu, and Khayelitsha. The article also includes a discussion of the possible implications of the COVID-19 pandemic's halting of travel mobilities on the economic sustainability of these entrepreneurs. © 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic posed challenges to the tourism sector globally. We investigated changes in visitor demographics, satisfaction level, and its determinants pre- and peri-COVID-19. Data were collected using questionnaire surveys in 2019 and 2021 within Banff National Park (BNP). The data analyses were based on a sample size of 1183 respondents by conducting factor analysis, correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis. Results highlight that there were fewer international visitors and more local and domestic visitors during the pandemic. Park attributes were evaluated at a higher satisfaction level peri-COVID-19. The quality of the Park facilities and services were the most important satisfaction determinants pre- and peri-COVID-19, and all the Park COVID-19 measures and actions received positive experience from visitors. This research fills this knowledge gap by developing a better understanding in the change of visitor demographics and satisfaction level in BNP under the context of the pandemic. It also provides implication for both scholars and practitioners to understand the impacts of the pandemic on Park visitation. The study can provide insights for utilizing the pandemic as a transformative strength and for mitigating its negative impact on tourism industry.
ABSTRACT
The tourism sector has experienced a steady growth in the last decades, becoming one of the key sectors for the development of countries. However, the pandemic caused by COVID-19 brought about an unprecedented social, economic and health crisis that has forced a change in the way tourism is conducted. This article presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of different Information and Communication Technologies' uses in sustainable tourism management to study the literature and serve as a roadmap for future research in this field. © 2022 Universidad de Murcia. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
The Covid-19 pandemic interrupted Bangsaen Beach activities and disturbed livelihoods of small business operators. Before the pandemic, Bangsaen tourism experienced issues of beach quality degradation due to overcrowding, competitive vending, and lack of diversification. After the pandemic, the municipality imposed new regulations, reset zones to safeguard the public health, and jump-started the economy. The changing regulations created conflicts with vendors on zoning rearrangements and reduced sales. The author conducted a survey to investigate the beach activities, the local small business operations, and the local authority's regulation changes. The survey results indicated that Bangsaen needs alternative attractions to complement its beach activities and to help cope with traffic congestion. The results also find out the social disparity in the demography of the vendors, which calls for attention to gender aspects and inclusive facets in the social infrastructure development strategy. This study suggests that vendors collaborate collectively with the local government to challenge the appropriation of beach spaces and to create innovative tactics. In addition, destination management organizations need to strive for better collaboration with small business operators to help them adapt to the change and enter the formal economy.
ABSTRACT
The spread of the coronavirus pandemic from the end of 2019 until the present has drastically changed the trends in the tourism service industry around the world, also in community-based tourism in Thailand. This qualitative research article aimed to explain community-based tourism management during the coronavirus pandemic and includes multiple case studies in five communities of five provinces (Phangnga, Phuket, Krabi, Trang, and Satun provinces) along the Andaman coast of Thailand, which creates an understanding of the characteristics of community-based tourism management for application in specific situations. The data were collected from January to March 2022 via online in-depth interviews and online focus group discussions, with ten key informants and community-based tourism entrepreneurs (two representatives from each). Then, the data were verified using triangulation and analyzed by using content analysis. The results revealed that the community-based tourism management in the Andaman coastal area of Thailand was based on the communities' cultural and natural resources. The tourism operation during the coronavirus 2019 pandemic was focused on building confidence and safety for tourists, namely: 1) characteristics of vaccinated tourists entering the communities and preferred quality tourists;2) communities' readiness for receiving tourists — service staff was regularly checked for coronavirus, renovations were done, and tourism activities were designed to be appropriate in a pandemic situation;3) public relations and communication of the communities' good image were pursued;4) community development sought to achieve the standard of the Thailand Safety and Health Administration;5) a surveillance system was established to monitor community situations. However, recommendations based on this research are that the government should support community-based tourism operations through tax measures, financial projects allocated to the communities, and technology to promote tourism on various platforms. Results from this research can be applied to community-based tourism entrepreneurs, especially in other areas of Thailand. © 2022 Authors. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
How can we establish a risk perception model and method to guide safety management has become an important issue that needs to be solved urgently in the field of tourism management. However, the solution to this issue is inseparable from the objective analysis, induction and deduction, and the analysis of the frontier trend towards the multidimensional model of tourism risk perception. In this paper, 211 articles from the Web of Science are selected as the research object, and the bibliometric analysis is applied to find: (1) Research on tourism risk perception based on multidimensional models can be divided into nascent, developmental, and mature stages;(2) The research on the multi-dimensional model of tourism risk perception has formed a group of academic groups with outstanding contributions and representative authors;(3) The research hotspots in multidimensional models of tourism risk perception focus on the comprehensive study of perceived risk, the outbreak of COVID-19, psychological risk, destination image, and behavioral intention. On this basis, this paper proposes some corresponding research suggestions to address the inadequacies of existing studies, and the research findings have significant theoretical implications for the construction of the theoretical system of tourism risk management. © 2022 The Author(s).